CH4 + 4Cl2 → CCl4 + 4HCl
stachiometry
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Given Data
The number of moles of methane is
4.5
m
o
l
.
The percent yield of the reaction is
60
%
.
The balanced chemical equation of each step is given as follows:
C
H
4
+
4
C
l
2
→
C
C
l
4
+
4
H
C
l
C
C
l
4
+
2
H
F
→
C
C
l
2
F
2
+
2
H
C
l
Since
1
mole of methane gives
1
mole of
C
C
l
4
and
4
moles of
H
C
l
.
So,
4.5
moles of methane will give
1
×
4.5
=
4.5
moles of
C
C
l
4
and
4
×
4.5
=
18
moles of
H
C
l
.
Therefore, the number of moles of carbon tetrachloride and hydrochloric acid in first step are
4.5
m
o
l
and
18
m
o
l
respectively.
The mass can be determined by the formula given as follows:
M
a
s
s
=
M
o
l
a
r
m
a
s
s
×
N
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
m
o
l
e
s
.
.
.
(
1
)
Since the molar mass of carbon tetrachloride is
153.82
g
/
m
o
l
.
Substitute the respective values in the equation (1) given above.
M
a
s
s
=
4.5
m
o
l
×
153.82
g
/
m
o
l
=
692.2
g
The actual yield of carbon tetrachloride can be determined by the formula given as follows:
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
y
i
e
l
d
=
A
c
t
u
a
l
y
i
e
l
d
T
h
e
o
r
e
t
i
c
a
l
y
i
e
l
d
×
100
.
.
.
(
2
)
Substitute the respective values in equation (2) given above.
60
%
=
A
c
t
u
a
l
y
i
e
l
d
692.2
g
×
100
A
c
t
u
a
l
y
i
e
l
d
=
60
%
×
692.2
g
100
=
415.32
g
Therefore, the actual yield of carbon tetrachloride is 415.32 g.
Substitute the respective values in equation (1) given above.
415.32
g
=
M
o
l
e
s
o
f
C
C
l
4
×
153.82
g
/
m
o
l
M
o
l
e
s
o
f
C
C
l
4
=
415.32
g
153.82
g
/
m
o
l
=
2.7
m
o
l
Therefore,
2.7
moles of carbon tetrachloride is used as a reactant in second step.
Since,
1
mole of
C
C
l
4
gives
2
moles of
H
C
l
.
So,
2.7
moles of
C
C
l
4
will give
2
×
2.7
=
5.4
moles of
H
C
l
.
Therefore, the number of moles of
H
C
l
obtained in second step is 5.4 mol.
The total number of moles of
H
C
l
in the reaction is the summation of the number of moles of
H
C
l
in each step.
Therefore, the number of moles of
H
C
l
is
18
+
5.4
=
23.4
m
o
l
.
Since the molar mass of
H
C
l
is
36.46
g
/
m
o
l
.
Substitute the respective values in the equation (1) given above.
M
a
s
s
=
23.4
m
o
l
×
36.46
g
/
m
o
l
=
853.16
g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of
H
C
l
is 853.16 g.
Substitute the respective values in equation (2) given above.
60
%
=
A
c
t
u
a
l
y
i
e
l
d
853.16
g
×
100
A
c
t
u
a
l
y
i
e
l
d
=
60
%
×
853.16
g
100
=
511.9
g
Therefore, the total amount of hydrochloric acid produced is 511.9 g.