Question

change to he following into indirect speech of Narration - Ram said to rihan I am coming within few hours
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Answer 1

Answer:

ram told rihan that he was coming within few hours

Answer 2

To do:

Change the following sentence into indirect speech of narration

• Ram said to Rihan, "I am coming within few hours".

Answer:

• Ram told Rihan that he was coming within few hours.

Explanation:

Given statement in Direct narration is:

Ram said to Rihan, "I am coming within few hours".

On following the main rules for changing direct narration into indirect narration, like

• The reporting verb 'said' is changed to 'told'. [ Reporting verb said is changed into told when it is followed by an object ]

• We have used the conjunction 'that' before the indirect statement. removing the inverted commas.

• Pronoun 'I' is changed to 'he'. [ The pronoun is changed to person ]

• Auxiliary verb 'is' is changed to 'was'. [ Present tense is changed to past ]

The statement in Indirect narration will be:

Ram told Rihan that he was coming within few hours.

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Indirect and Direct Narration:

We many report the words of a speaker in two ways:

1. Quoting the actual words said by speaker enclosing in inverted commas (" ") and starting with a capital letter. This is called Direct Narration.
2. Reporting what speaker said without quoting actual words or using inverted commas, but focusing on the content what he said. This is called Indirect Narration.

Basic Rules for conversion of direct speech to indirect:

• Reporting verb 'said' is changed to told, ordered, asked etc. according to the type of sentence.

• Conjunction 'that' is used before the indirect statement.

• Personal pronouns change in Indirect speech.

1. Pronouns of first person and second person are changed into indirect form correspondingly.
2. Pronouns of third person do not change.

e.g., Direct : He said to me, "I don't believe you".

       Indirect :  He told me that he didn't believe me.

• Change in tense of the sentence.

When the reporting or principal verb is in the Past Tense, all Present tenses of the Direct are changed into the corresponding Past tenses.

1. simple present → Simple past
2. present continuous → past continuous
3. present perfect → past perfect
4. Past indefinite → Past perfect
5. Past perfect → Past perfect continuous
6. Will → would
7. Shall → should
8. can → could

• The tenses will not change if the statement is a universal truth or a habitual statement.

e.g., Direct : The teacher said, "The Earth goes round the Sun".

       Indirect : The teacher said that the earth goes round the Sun.

• Words expressing nearness in time or place are generally changed into the words expressing distance.

1. now → then
2. here → there
3. ago → before
4. today → that day
5. tomorrow → the next day
6. yesterday → the day before
7. this → these
8. that → those

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