Chapter 3: Non-Finites
In English Grammar, a verb may be classified into any one of the following categories:
FINITES:
A verb denoting possession, existence or action when conjugated in a
particular tense assumes meaning, but is limited to number and person.
NON-FINITES are further classified as:
INFINITIVE: A verb denoting possession, existence or action preceded by the infinitive
marker (not a preposition) 'to' and not limited to number and person.
e.g. (i) Manish likes to paint cartoon characters.
(ii) The teacher told the class to read the next lesson.
(iii) I like to listen to music.
(iv) We like to spend our weekends at a beach resort.
(v) Why does Sharmila want to meet the Principal?
PARTICIPLE: A verb denoting possession, existence or action, in the present participle form
(ending in -ing) or the past participle form (generally ending in-d, -ed, -n, -t),
but functioning as an adjective.
e.g. (i) Being thirsty, the poor farmer drank all the water from the pot.
(ii) The old woman did not see the car approaching her.
(iii) He spent all his time roaming around with his friends.
(iv) He was caught driving at top speed.
(v) Having finished their work, they went out to play.
denoting nossession existence or action but
Answers
(a) Alkali metals: They are placed in IA group, the first column on the left of the periodic table.
(b) Alkaline earth metal: They are placed in IIA group, the second column on the left of the periodic table.
(c) Iron and Zinc: Fe is placed in VIII group and Cu is placed in IB group.
(d) Aluminium: It is placed in IIIA group present on the right of periodic table.(a) Alkali metals:-
(i) Bonding: All alkali metal salts are ionic in nature.
(ii) Action of air: The react rapidly with oxygen and water vapour in the air.
(iii) Action of water: They react violently with water and produce hydrogen gas.
2M + 2H2O → 2MOH + H2
(iv) Action of acid: They react violently with dil. HCl and dil. H2SO4 to produce hydrogen gas.
2M + 2HCl → 2MCl + H2
(b) Alkaline earth metal:-
(i) Bonding: All alkaline earth metal salts except beryllium are ionic compounds.
(ii) Action of air: They are less reactive than alkali metals.
(iii) Action of water: They react with water to produce hydrogen gas.
M + 2H2O → M(OH)2 + H2
(iv) Action of acid: They react with dilute HCl and dil. H2SO4 to produce hydrogen gas.
M + 2HCl → MCl2 + H2