Question

characteristics of aerial stem modification​

Answer 1

Answer:

The stem modification that has enlarged fleshy leaves emerging from the stem or surrounding the base of the stem is called a bulb; it is also used to store food. Aerial modifications of stems include tendrils, thorns, bulbils, and cladodes

Answer 2

Answer:

The aerial stem modifications causes massive modification of the stem and they are difficult to be recognized as stems. For this reason they are called metamorphosed stems. In some plants the aerial stem is modified to perform a variety of special functions. The aerial stem modifications are as follows and usually play a definite function:

Bulbil

Structural Characteristics:

Bulbil is a special multi-cellular body as aerial stem modifications, essentially meant for reproduction. They are specialized, aerial modified axillary buds, both vegetative and floral in nature. They look like bulbs i.e., having a disc-like stem covered by leaves. They are viviparous in nature i.e., give rise to daughter plant, while remaining attached to the stem of the parent plant.

Function :

They help in initiating vegetative propagation and also act as storage organs.

Example: Agave, Globba.

Pseudo-bulbs

Structural Characteristics:

In aerial stem modifications, in which single internodes becomes swollen, fleshy and tuberous in nature is called Pseudo-bulbs. These look like bulbs, but do not have uniformly arranged concentric fleshy leaves. There may be adventitious aerial roots arising from the lower surface.

Function :

They store moisture and help the plant to survive during unfavorable condition, i.e., when there is severe shortage of water.

Example: Orchids.

Stem tendril

Structural Characteristics:

Tendrils develop as modifications of the stem in certain plants. These tendrils are aerial stem modifications of axillary branches. They may be modification of terminal bud (e.g. vine) or the entire inflorescence (e.g. Antigonon). They are long, slender and coiled in nature and may bear small leaves.

Function :

They provide mechanical support to the soft stem of the plant, acting as a climbing organ.

Example:

Vine, Passion-flower, Antigonon.

Hope it helps

Explanation:

Please mark as brainiest answer!!!