Characteristics of sportsmen pre-during post competition.
Answers
In the highly competitive sports arena, athletes are under great
pressure both physically and psychologically. And these factors
will play an important role in their performance on the field
[1]. With the development of sports in our country, many
coaches have begun to pay attention to the psychological
changes of athletes in the field. This kind of psychological
condition in the game is called the competitive state of mind,
which is the reaction of the players to the game environment.
This kind of psychological reaction seriously affects the
competition behavior of athletes. In order to better monitor the
psychological changes of athletes, many experts and scholars
began to use multi-disciplinary and multi-field monitoring
methods to monitor the athletes' psychology and facial
expressions. At present, this monitoring method has achieved
good results. However, due to the limitations of the current
monitoring methods, it is impossible to monitor the facial
expression of athletes in real time, which can only be analysed
through the investigation of athletes before and after the game.
The psychological state of athletes can be obtained through
interviews to summarize the psychological changes of athletes.
This kind of information is delayed. The monitoring data
obtained by this method is not perfect, and it is not accurate
enough. Therefore, many researchers have carried out a study
on the monitoring of athletes. Based on the athlete's facial
expression, the mentality of the players in the game is
analysed. The data obtained is more accurate and reliable.
State of the Art
With the development of science and technology and the
progress of sports, the performance of athletes in the match not
only depends on the usual performance, but also depends on
the athletes’ psychology, facial expressions and many other
factors during the match. For athletes, the good psychological
quality is the key to winning [2]. How to achieve the best
condition of the athletes' competition psychology is a
complicated work, which must be exercised in their daily
training. And the advanced monitoring technology should be
adopted to carry out monitoring and analysis, thus to sum up
the psychological level of the athletes and guide them,
especially the anxiety and panic psychology of athletes before
the competition.
The other best way to study the athlete's athletic psychology is
to monitor and analyse the facial expression of the athletes in
the match. The athlete's facial expression directly reflects the
athlete's psychological state. In other words, the facial
expression features are the external manifestations of the
psychological changes of athletes. In the game, all the attention
of the athletes are focused on the game, while the ability to
monitor facial expression is at a minimum, thus making the
facial expression more objectively reflect the psychological
changes of athletes. Many researchers have applied the facial
expression analysis system to the usual training, and achieved
some results. Combined with facial expression analysis system,
coaches can guide athletes.
Methodology
Athletes' psychological judgment and facial
expression test
Athlete's psychological judgment, originated in the west, was
originally proposed by the French psychologist Simon. It has
developed rapidly in the middle of the last century. The
methods of psychological test can be roughly divided into
ISSN 0970-938
Biomed Res 2018 Special Issue S337
Special Section:Artificial Intelligent Techniques for Bio Medical Signal Processing
written test and instrument measurement. The factors
influencing the psychological changes of athletes are shown in
Figure 1.
Figure 1. Factors influencing the psychological change of athletes.
Neural network
With the development of science and technology, there are a lot
of instruments can be used to simulate the game scene.
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is proposed on the basis of
the research of neuroscience to imitate the characteristics of
human brain. At present, the development of bioengineering
and neural network technology has been limited. The training
and learning method of neural network is to obtain the
information between neurons through the network feedback
value. Affected by the external environment, the neurons are
changing, and so its internal structure is also changing. There
are two kinds of learning methods: supervised learning and
unsupervised learning.
BP neural network has three or more than three layers of
neurons, which belongs to a multilayer feed forward neural
network. BP neural network mainly includes input layer,
hidden layer and output layer. The neural network has been
widely used because of its simple structure, adjustable
parameters and good operability.
Research object and research methods
In this paper, 4 track and field athletes in a domestic university
student sports meeting are selected as the research objects, and
the 800 m race is selected as the track and field event. The
basic situation of athletes is
The following are the characteristics of the sportsmen during the pre and post competition;
Explanation:
Pre-competition:
- The sportsmen should take ample amount of rest before the competition.
- The sportsmen should do exercises regularly to maintain the stamina level.
- The sportsmen should take all three meals in a day that are breakfast, dinner and lunch.
- The sportsmen should take high iron, protein and carbohydrate diet.
Post-competition:
- The sportsmen try to cure muscle injuries by physiotherapy regular exercise and taking proper rest.
- The sportsmen should avoid over exercise if done then the muscles will become rigid and the pain will enhance.
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