Question

Characteristics of vessel elements?

Answer 1

Vessel elements represent a more specialized type of tracheary element. They are usually shorter than tra-cheids and have perforated end walls called perforation plates. Individual vessel elements are connected end to end in vertical rows to form vessels; each vessel is a continuous tube with little or no obstruction to water flow, depending on the size and type of perforation plates in the end walls. These can vary from simple perforation plates, with a single large hole, to those with scalariform or reticulate openings. The gnetophytes (Chapter 19) have a unique type—foraminate perforation plates. The most specialized vessel elements are relatively short with horizontal end walls and simple perforation plates, whereas some woods contain vessel members that are more elongate, with oblique end walls (Bailey and Tupper, 1918). Tracheids and vessels occur in both primary and secondary xylem tissue. Like tracheids, vessels also exhibit various secondary wall thickenings on their side walls which range from annular to pitted.
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Answer 2

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Here are some points for characteristics of vessel element

1) They are also called tracheary element

2) they are associated with transportation of water in plants

3) they are found in flowering plants

4) example :- xylem

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