Question

Characterstics and explanation of five kingdom explanation

Answer 1

It was proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969. The five kingdoms were formed on the basis of characteristics such as cell structure, mode of nutrition, source of nutrition and body organisation. It includes 1.Kingdom Monera, 2.Kingdom Protista, 3.Kingdom Fungi, 4.Kingdom Plantae, and 5.Kingdom Animalia. # Kingdom Monera: It includes prokaryotic cells lacking organized nucleus and membrane bound cell organelles. Some of the Monerans are autotrophic andsome of them are heterotrophic forms. # Kingdom Protista:Itincludes algae, diatoms and protozoans.These are unicellular and the simplest form of eukaryotes exhibiting both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
#Kingdom Fungi: Theseare multicellular, eukaryotic saprophytes.They include mushrooms, rhizopus and mucor. Some fungi are symbiotic forming an association with algal cells. These symbionts are termed to be lichens.
#Kingdom Plantae: Itincludes all the plants that are non-motile,multicellular and eukaryotic organisms with their cell walls made up of cellulose. 
#Kingdom Animalia:Itincludes all the animals that are motile multicellular, eukaryotic organisms with their cells possessing no cell walls. It exhibits species diversity.

Answer 2

• Kingdom Monera
• Kingdom Protista
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Animalia
• Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Monera

These organisms are prokaryotic and unicellular. They do not have a well-defined nucleus and also lack cell organelles.  Some organisms show the presence of cell wall while there are others without a cell wall. Consequently, some organisms are autotrophic and others are heterotrophic. Examples include Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Mycoplasma.

Kingdom Protista

Organisms grouped under Kingdom Protista are all unicellular, but eukaryotic organisms. These are the simplest forms of eukaryotes that exhibit either autotrophic or heterotrophic mode of nutrition. Some organisms have appendages such as cilia or flagella or pseudopodia to move around. Some examples are Diatoms, Protozoans like Amoeba, Paramoecium

Kingdom Fungi

Heterotrophic, Multicellular and Eukaryotic organisms are grouped under Kingdom Fungi. Their mode of nutrition is saprophytic as they use decaying organic matter as food. They have cell walls, which are made up of a substance called Chitin. Fungi also form a symbiotic association with some blue-green algae. Yeast, Mushroom, Aspergillus are examples of Fungi.

Kingdom Plantae

These are Eukaryotic, Multicellular organisms with a cell wall that is made up of cellulose. They are autotrophs and synthesize their own food through the process of photosynthesis. This kingdom includes all plants.

Based on the body differentiation and presence or absence of specialized vascular tissue, Kingdom Plantae is divided into different divisions, namely Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms. Examples are Spirogyra, Ferns, Pines, and Mango Plant etc.

Kingdom Animalia

This Kingdom includes organisms that are Multicellular, Eukaryotic, without the presence of cell wall. They have a heterotrophic mode of nutrition. They also exhibit great diversity. Some organisms are simple while others have a complex body with specialized tissue differentiation and body organs.

The Animal Kingdom is divided into many phyla and classes. Some of the phyla are Porifera, Coelenterata, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Chordata etc. Examples – Hydra, Starfish, Earthworms, Monkeys, Birds etc.