charictorististics of animals in the ocean
Answers
Characteristics of Marine Life
•Regulating salt intake.
•Obtaining oxygen.
•Adapting to water pressure.
•Dealing with wind, waves, and changing temperatures.
•Getting enough light.
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Characteristics of Marine Life:
1.Regulating salt intake
Fish can drink salt water, and eliminate the salt through their gills. Whales don’t drink salt water, instead, they get the water they need from the organisms they eat.
2.Obtaining oxygen.
Fish and other organisms that live underwater can take their oxygen from the water, either through their gills or their skin.
Marine mammals need to come to the water surface to breathe, which is why the deep-diving whales have blowholes on top of their heads, so they can surface to breathe while keeping most of their body underwater.
Whales can stay underwater without breathing for an hour or more because they make very efficient use of their lungs, exchanging up to 90% of their lung volume with each breath, and also store unusually high amounts of oxygen in their blood and muscles when diving
3.Adapting to water pressure.
In the oceans, water pressure increases 15 pounds per square inch for every 33 feet of water. While some ocean animals do not change water depths very often, far-ranging animals such as whales, sea turtles, and seals sometimes travel from shallow waters to great depths several times in a single day.
One adaptation is that lungs and rib cages collapse when diving to deep depths. Its collapsible lungs and flexible shell help it stand the high water pressure.
4. Dealing with wind, waves and changing temperatures.
Animals in the intertidal zone do not have to deal with high water pressure but need to withstand the high pressure of wind and waves. Many marine invertebrates and plants in this habitat have the ability to cling onto rocks or other substrates so they are not washed away and have hard shells for protection.
While large pelagic species like whales and sharks may not be impacted by rough seas, their prey can be moved around.
Many ocean animals are cold-blooded (ectothermic) and their internal body temperature is the same as their surrounding environment. Marine mammals, however, have special considerations because they are warm-blooded (endothermic), meaning they need to keep their internal body temperature constant no matter the water temperature.
Marine mammals have an insulating layer of blubber (made up of fat and connective tissue) under their skin. This blubber layer allows them to keep their internal body temperature about the same as ours, even in the cold ocean.
[intertidal zone: The intertidal zone, also known as the foreshore or seashore, is the area above water level at low tide and underwater at high tide. ]
[pelagic- The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean, and can be further divided into regions by depth]
5.Getting enough light.
Organisms that need light, such as tropical coral reefs and their associated algae, are found in shallow, clear waters that can be easily penetrated by sunlight. Since underwater visibility and light levels can change, whales do not rely on sight to find their food. Instead, they locate prey using echolocation and their hearing.
In the depths of the ocean abyss, some fish have lost their eyes or pigmentation because they are just not necessary. Other organisms are bioluminescent, using light-giving bacteria or their own light-producing organs to attract prey or mates.