Biology, asked by Amarsha2770, 1 year ago

Chemical added to track dna path in electrophoresis

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Answered by Somyasisodiya
2
Stages of Mitosis

John V. Forrester MB ChB MD FRCS(Ed) FRCP(Glasg) (Hon) FRCOphth(Hon) FMedSci FRSE FARVO, ... Eric Pearlman BSc PhD, in The Eye (Fourth Edition), 2016

Using molecular biological technology to detect apoptosis

Observed, and therefore measurable, changes in apoptotic cells include intranucleosomal cleavage of DNA, which generates both monomers and multimers of DNA that can be detected by DNA electrophoresis (DNA laddering). Early changes can be detected by labelling DNA fragments at the 3′ OH ends with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase either immunohistochemically (TUNEL staining) or by flow cytometric analysis. Changes in apoptotic cell membranes can be detected by increased flip-flopping of the plasma membrane and exposure of phosphatidylserine residues on its outer leaflet. Phosphatidylserine is detected by annexin V via either in situ histochemistry or flow cytometry. Apoptosis ultimately increases intracellular caspase activity and cell lysates can be tested for levels of caspase enzymatic activity by simple fluorometric analysis.

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