English, asked by melchizedek7228, 11 months ago

Chemical reaction for preparation of Ethanoic acid

Answers

Answered by Subhranil08
0

Answer:

Acetic acid is produced industrially via the carbonylation of methanol. The chemical equations for the three steps involved in this process are provided below.

CH3OH (methanol) + HI (hydrogen iodide) → CH3I (methyl iodide intermediate) + H2O

CH3I + CO (carbon monoxide) → CH3COI (acetyl iodide)

CH3COI + H2O → CH3COOH (acetic acid) + HI

Here, a methyl iodide intermediate is generated from the reaction between methanol and hydrogen iodide. This intermediate is then reacted with carbon monoxide and the resulting compound is treated with water to afford the acetic acid product. It is important to note that a metal carbonyl complex must be used as a catalyst for step 2 of this process.

Answered by pinky162
0

Explanation:

Chemical Properties of Ethanoic Acid (Reactions of Ethanoic Acid)

• Esterification Reaction:

When any carboxylic acid reacts with any alcohol, it leads to the formation of another class of chemical compounds named esters. This reaction which leads to the formation of esters is known as esterification reaction. Given below is an example presented when the Ethanoic Acid (a carboxylic acid) reacts with Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) resulting in the formation of ethyl ethanoate (an ester):

CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH → CH3COOCH2CH3

(Ethanoic acid) (Ethanol) (Ethyl Ethanoate)

The new class of chemical compounds formed by this reaction (Esters) has a characteristic fruity smell by which they can be easily identified. Esters are commercially used as synthetic flavouring agents in the food industry and for their good fragrance in the perfume industry. Apart from this, one of the main uses of esters is in the production of soaps. When esters are reacted with any base (particularly alkalis), they give a carboxylic acid salt which is the basic molecular structure of soaps. This reaction is known as saponification reaction. Higher molecular weight esters are generally preferred to carry out this reaction. A general elucidation of a saponification reaction is given below:

RCOOR’ + NaOH → RCOO–Na+ + R’OH

(An ester) (Sodium hydroxide) (Soap) (Alcohol)

• Reaction with Base:

Ethanoic Acid is a weak acid. Like any acid, it reacts with a base to form one molecule of salt and one molecule of water. An example of this reaction is given below where Ethanoic acid is reacting with Sodium Hydroxide (a base) to form sodium ethanoate and water:

CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O

(Ethanoic Acid) (Sodium (Sodium (water)

hydroxide) ethanoate)

This salt (Sodium ethanoate) which is formed by this reaction has many industrial applications such as in textile industry to carry out neutralization of sulfuric acid (used to clean fibers), in food industry as a preservative and a mild seasoning and flavouring agent, and as a buffer agent along with Ethanoic acid (commonly known asthe acetate buffer) to keep the pH of a medium constant.

• Reaction with carbonates:

When Ethanoic acid is reacted with carbonates or hydrogen derivatives of carbonates (hydrogen carbonates, also commonly known as the bicarbonates), it leads to the formation of salt, and carbon dioxide and water as by-products. Examples in which Ethanoic acid is reacted with sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate are given below:

2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + CO2 +H2O

(Ethanoic Acid) (Sodium (Sodium (carbon (water)

carbonate) ethanoate) dioxide)

CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O

(Ethanoic Acid) (Sodium (Sodium (carbon (water)

bicarbonate) ethanoate) dioxide)

• Formation of carboxylic acid derivatives:

Although a weak carboxylic acid, Ethanoic acid reacts with a number of chemicals to form certain acid derivatives, characterized as a separate class of organic chemicals named carboxylic acid derivatives. These include acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, esters and amides.

• Acid Chlorides:

When ethanoic acid reacts with thionyl chloride (SOCl2), it leads to the formation of acetyl chloride. This reaction can be elucidated as follows:

CH3COOH + SOCl2→ CH3COCl +HCl + SO2

(Ethanoic Acid) (Thionyl (Acetyl (Hydrochloric (Sulfur

Chloride) Chloride) Acid) Dioxide)

i hope this is help you...

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