Chemical test to distinguish between benzoic acid and ethanoic acid
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Methanoic acid (HCOOH)(HCOOH) or formic acid
Ethanoic acid CH3COOHCH3COOH or acetic acid
1) Methalic acid gives silver mirror test with Tollen's reagent , whereas ethanoic acid does not give that test .
HCOOH+2Ag(NH3)2]OH]→2Ag+2H2O+CO2+4NH3HCOOH+2Ag(NH3)2]OH]→2Ag+2H2O+CO2+4NH3
(silver mirror)
2) Methanoic acid gives white precipitate with mercuric chloride solution .
HCOOH+HgCl2→Hg2Cl2+CO2+2HClHCOOH+HgCl2→Hg2Cl2+CO2+2HCl
(white ppt)
Ethanoic acid CH3COOHCH3COOH or acetic acid
1) Methalic acid gives silver mirror test with Tollen's reagent , whereas ethanoic acid does not give that test .
HCOOH+2Ag(NH3)2]OH]→2Ag+2H2O+CO2+4NH3HCOOH+2Ag(NH3)2]OH]→2Ag+2H2O+CO2+4NH3
(silver mirror)
2) Methanoic acid gives white precipitate with mercuric chloride solution .
HCOOH+HgCl2→Hg2Cl2+CO2+2HClHCOOH+HgCl2→Hg2Cl2+CO2+2HCl
(white ppt)
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