Chemistry
1. Define the following terms with Exmaple.
ii) Molecules iii) Atomic Mass iv) Ions.
i) Atoms
Answers
(I) Atoms: An atom is any particle of matter at its most basic level which contains at least one proton. Here are some examples of the atoms: hydrogen (H) neon (Ne).
(ii) Molecules: A molecule is a particle made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together; the number of atomic nuclei making up a molecule is a determinate number. For example, HCl(g) is a molecule made of one hydrogen atom bonded to one chlorine atom. It is made of two atoms and is called a diatomic molecule.
(iii) Atomic Mass: An atomic mass unit is defined as a mass equal to one twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12. The mass of any isotope of any element is expressed in relation to the carbon-12 standard. For example, one atom of helium-4 has a mass of 4.0026 amu. An atom of sulfur-32 has a mass of 31.972 amu.
(iv) Ions: An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or groups of atoms. There are two types of ions: An atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell. It becomes positively charged. These positively charged atoms are called cations. For example, Sodium (Na) atomic number is 11.