Chemistry
the estates of matter-Give one example of each
3 Exhair low gases can be liquefied?
I was a solination? Give examples.
Answers
Answer:
CRITICAL TEMPERATURE - DEFINITIONThe critical temperature of a gas is the temperature at or above which no amount of pressure, however great, will cause the gas to liquefy. At or below that temperature, however, the gas can be liquefied provided sufficient pressure is applied.
CONTINUITY OF STATE - DEFINITIONConsider, an isotherm that passes through the liquid vapor region marked off can be followed the low pressure right-hand side, through the liquid vapor region that lies below the dotted curve, and then through the left hand region above the dotted curve. Through the liquid vapor region, the properties of liquid are increases as we move from right to left.
All this tempts us to describe the region to the right of the liquid vapor region as gas and that to the left of this region as liquid. Now suppose that a sample is moved from the gas region to the liquid region by a path that does not transverse the two phase region. The sample will, at all stages consists of a single phase change occurring. Only when two phases are present can we distinguish between a gas and a liquid. It follows that an equation of state for a gas should describe all regions on a diagram like that except for the two phase region.
IMPORTANCE OF CRITICAL TEMPERATURE - DEFINITIONCritical Temperature is an important term for the liquefaction of gases. We know critical temperature is the temperature above which the translational energy of the molecules is so high so that intermolecular attraction does not become sufficient for liquefying the gases and pressure cannot play any role to come to contact of the molecules. So for liquefying a gas its temperature must remain at critical temperature or below critical temperature. Then it can be easily liquefied by applying pressure.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VAPOUR AND GAS - DEFINITIONA gas refers to a substance that has a single defined thermodynamic state at room temperature whereas a vapor refers to a substance that is a mixture of two phases at room temperature, namely gaseous and liquid phase.
CRITICAL PRESSURE - DEFINITION Liquefaction of gasses becomes more difficult as the temperature increases because the kinetic energies of the particles that make up the gas also increase. The critical temperature of a substance is the temperature at and above which vapor of the substance cannot be liquefied, no matter how much pressure is applied.
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN VAPOUR AND GAS - DEFINITIONA gas is a substance that has a single defined thermodynamic state at room temperature whereas a vapor is a substance that is a mixture of two phases at room temperature, that are gaseous and liquid phase.
CRITICAL VOLUME - DEFINITIONThe volume occupied by one mole or unit mass of a substance in its critical state is called critical volume.