Question

chloroethanoic acid is stronger acid than ethanoic acid. explain. ​

Answer 1

Chloroacetic acid is stronger than acetic acid because of the electron-withdrawing effect of chlorine. This effect is caused by the electronegativity of chlorine.

Chlorine being a strong electron withdrawing group, pulls the negative charge towards itself by inductive effect so that the negative charge density on the oxygen atom is reduced, hence stabilizing the conjugate base of chloroacetic acid.

Answer 2

Chloro-ethanoic acid is a stronger acid than Ethanoic acid because -

• Chloro-ethanoic acid contains an electron-withdrawing Chlorine group that helps disperse the carboxylate anion's negative charge on oxygen.
• Compared to ethanoic acid, chloro-ethanoic acid has a smaller pKₐ value since the conjugate base is more stable.
• Increasing the stability of the conjugate base enhances the possibility that the weak acid will dissociate to form the conjugate base, releasing more H+ and thus increasing its acidity.

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