Question

chola temples were the hub of of all cultural, social, political & commercial activities. Mention at least 2 temples made by the chola kings and describe their features.


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Answer 1

Chola temples were the hub of of all cultural, social, political & commercial activities

Exlanation:

The rulers of Chola were not only powerful conquerors, but great builders too. The most majestic temples and splendid bronze icons were built in South India under their rule.

Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur

• It is a Hindu temple on the south bank of the Kaveri river, Tamil Nadu, in Tanjavur. It is devoted to the Shiva. It is an example of Draviadn architecture as one of the biggest temples in South Indian.
• This temple was built around a moat in the 11th century, with its initial murals (monuments). In the temple was the main temple, the 'gopuram' with its wide dome, inscriptions, a huge tower, frescoes and sculptures linked primarily to the 'shaivism' but also to the Hindu traditions of "Shaktism" and "Vaishnavism."
• In the following years , additional Mandapam & monuments were added to the temple, while some artworks were still missing.
• The "vimana tower" above the "sanctum" has been constructed from granite and, perhaps during its construction, is one of the highest structures ever in Southern India. The temple is made of a massive colonnaded prakara and one of the largest shiva lingas in India.
• The place that commissioned the Brass Nataraja – Shiva in the 11th century, the 'King of Dance' is famous for its sculpture and its accuracy. The Complex consists of Parvati, Ganesha, Dakshinamurti, Sabhapati, Nandi, Chandeshvara, and others. Shrines are included.
• The UNESCO recommended Brihadeeswarar Temple as a World Heritage Site

Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram

• The Airavatesvara Temple is a Hindu temple of dravidian architecture in Darasuram, in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site and was founded in the 12th century by Rajaraja Chola II.
• The temple is dedicated to Shiva. It demonstrates also the Shaktism and Vaisnavism practises reverentially along with the Nayanmar storeys, which are the Shaivism saints of the Bhakti movements.
• The temple of stone consists of a cart structure containing major deities such as Agni, Indra, Vayu, Varuna, Varuna, Surya, Brahma, Saptamtrikas, Vishnu, Saraswati, Durga, Ganga, Sri devi (Lakshmi), Subrahmanya, Kama, Ganesha, Rati etc.Shiva's consort has a dedicated sanctuary called the Periya Nayaki Amman Temple. This is a distinct temple north of the Airavateshvarar temple.
• When the courts were finished, it was part of the main temple. The main temple and the related sanctuaries, including the Gopuram are destroyed today. The temple is alone. The morning and evening sundials are seen as chariot wheels,
• The stambha and Nandi mandapa are situated outside the main courtyard of the temple and aligned with the "East-West Axis," the main temple. This temple is a stone house of art & architecture with some lovely carvings. . Elegant are the heights and proportions of all the units with architecturally dominant sculptures.
• The temple sanctum's "garbha griya" is connected to the "mukha-mandapa" via the "ardha-mandapa" that is  supported on pillars & is flanked by 2 "massive dvarapalas"
• The "agri-mandapa", also called the King's "Rajagambhiran-tire-mandapam", is on the East side of the maha-mandapa. The hall is molded like a chariot, with horses & wheels in stone.

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