Choose and write any two directive principles of state policy which are based on gandhian principles.
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Answer:
principle of Gandhian philosophy may be stated as follows: All social action should be governed by the same simple set of moral values, of which the main elements are selflessness, non-attachment, nonviolence and active service. It will take me too long to define and elaborate his ideas in respect of each of these; but he believed that the growth of a mans personality is proportionate to his faith in and practice of these virtues. This is possible only when he identifies himself more and more with an ever-increasing circle till it embraces all humanity and even all living beings. He judged the value and vitality of social institutions by their capacity to foster such growth.
His third conviction was that no society, state or any other institution has any worth or importance apart from its part in contributing to the growth of the individuals of which it is composed. The State, the Nation, the community and other traditional groupings had no intrinsic value for him. In the pages of Young Indis in the earlier years, he defended the caste system as a great scheme of social and sexual discipline; but in the light of actual experience he abandoned it as an impractical system, though to the end he believed in some kind of voluntary and ideal social groups based on qualifications and capacity for service.
It was Gandhi's firm conviction that means are at least as important as, and often even more important than, ends. It is, of course, desirable that ends should be good and reasonable. But they merely give a direction to life while the means adopted constitute life itself. Therefore, if the means are right, that is, if they conform to the tests of truth and nonviolence, even mistakes, errors and failures aid the growth of the individual. On the other hand, wrong means corrupt the soul and no good can ever come out of them. Gandhi repudiated categorically the idea that ends justify the means. This implies the rejection of war, espionage and crooked diplomacy, even when they are adopted for the so-called noble ends of defending the country, religion or humanity.
Faith in God is, according to Gandhi, the foundation of all moral values. He never defined God and was prepared to allow every person to have his own idea of God. For himself, he was inclined to think of Him as the Upanishadic Brahman. But, so long as a person believes in some source of spiritual life and holds it superior to the material universe, he is a believer in God. Gandhi had no objection even to a formal profession of agnosticism, so long as a person demonstrated by his attachment to moral values that this outlook was essentially spiritual in essence.
Two directive principles of state policy which are based on gandhian principles are: Article 40 that states that the State should take steps towards the establishment and empowerment of Village Panchayats as units of local self-government. Article 45, which states that, for all children up to the age of 14, the State must support the educational interests of poorer groups and compulsory education
Explanation:
- The definition of the State Policy Directive was taken from the Irish Constitution. Although most of the 'fundamental rights are negative state obligations', DPSPs are positive state obligations but cannot be enforced in court.
- As per Article 40, the State shall adopt measures in order to coordinate and give village panchayats the requisite powers and authority to function as self-government units
- As per Article 45, the State shall try to provide all children with free and compulsory education, up to and including the 'age of fourteen', within a 'period of ten years 'following the beginning of this Constitution.
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