Question

Choosing the proper interface for positive airway pressure therapy in subjects with acute respiratory failure

Answer 1

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an effective treatment for a significant proportion of patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). The success of NIV, however, depends on several factors, a major one of which is the selection of the proper interface. The choice and application of the interface in patients with ARF is a considerable challenge to the treatment team. This review discusses the different types of interfaces that can be used in patients with ARF, the differences between nasal, oro-nasal, total face masks, and helmet, the effect of interface type on treatment success and upper airway patency, mask fitting, problems related to the interface, and the relationship between ventilator type and interface choice.