CHP 5 sst movement towards independence I want Notes plz
Answers
Chapter 5 Movement Towards Independence
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Demand for Complete Independence:
Answer:
Even Indian youths were not happy with the Dominion Status that the British wanted to give to India. So they also demanded complete Independence.
These peoples met on the banks of the river Ravi in Lahore, under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. There are National General Assembly passed a resolution for Complete Independence.
On 26th January 1930, the members took the oath of complete Independence and for the first time.
Since then, 26 January has become important. (Independent India has made the Republic Day (26 January) memorable by implementing the Indian Constitution on this day.
Question 3.
Dandi March
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhiji was given the responsibility to start the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Gandhiji made a plan to begin civil disobedience by starting a Satyagraha to protest the Salt Tax laid by the British. Hence, he decided to go to Dandi village and break the Salt Law.
The message of Gandhiji’s Satyagraha was delivered to people on the evening of 11th March 1930 in the assembly of about 1000 people.
It was also announced that even if the British arrest the satyagraha is, they should firmly maintain non-violence against the government.
On 12th March, 1930, Gandhiji along with 78 satyagrahis set-off for Dandi Yatra from
Ahmedabad Harijan Ashram (Sabarmati Ashram).
This march was 370 km long.
Gandhiji and other satyagrahis explained people the reason for Civil Disobedience Movement and breaking the Salt Law.
Dandi Yatra created a wonderful effect in creating astonishing faith, unity and consciousness among people.
Gandhiji along with supporters reached Dandi on 5th April, 1930 after walking 24 days.
On the early morning of 6th April, Gandhiji broke the Salt Law by picking a handful of – salt from the sea-coast.
The Dandi Yatra which started from Sabarmati Ashram was praised heavily. It shook the British Empire.
During Dandi March, numerous constructive programmes like boycott of foreign products prohibition of liquor, removal of untouchability, Hindu-Muslim unity and oaths to undertake social services, etc. were held.
Agitation done under the leadership of Abdul Ghaffar Khan (also known as Frontier Gandhi) as Vadala, Bombay.
Struggle against foreign liquor under the leadership of Kasturba Gandhi was suppressed in Bombay, Gharsana in Surat and in Viramgam during the Salt Law agitation.
Renunciation of government services, as well as removal of children from government schools, were the highlighted incidents during these movements.
3. Give answers of the following questions in one or two sentences.
Question 1.
Why did the people of India oppose the Simon Commission?
Answer:
Indians strongly believed that since the Commission was framed to bring reforms in the Indian political system, the British government must include Indian members in the Commission to understand the problems and pains of Indian society. However, the British rejected this recommendation. Hence, Indians opposed the Simon Commission.
Question 2.
When was the Lord Mountbatten Plan presented?
Answer:
Mountbatten presented his plan for partitioning India on 24th March, 1947.
Q4. When power was transferred to India by the British? Who was appointed as the First Indian Governor-General of India?
Ans. Mountbatten, the last viceroy of the British Government, organized a function at New Delhi on the midnight of 14th August, 1947 and transferred the power to India. Rajgopalchari was the first as well as the last Indian Governor-General of Independent India.
