Question

chromosomes are made up of ​

Answer 1

Chromosomes are made up of Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) and proteins.

Explanation:

• In each cell nuclei, the molecule of DNA is packed into a thread-like structure called chromosomes. It supports the structure by tightly colliding around proteins called histones.
• centromere in the chromosome is the constriction point that divides it into two sections. There are $2$ short arms in the chromosome is called $p$ arms and $2$ long arms in the chromosome are called $q$ arms.
• DNA is the carrier of genetic information to the next generation by the shorter piece which is called genes.
• It is made up of building blocks called nucleotides which are adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine. it has two strands in a spiral ladder called a helix.

Answer 2

DNA and Histone

• Chromosomes can have simple or complicated structures, with a polynucleotide chain kept together by proteins.

• Chromosomes require basic protein for packing and the formation of chromatin fibers by condensation.

• DNA serves as the genetic material in the majority of species, whereas RNA primarily serves as a messenger.
• A histone is a protein that gives a chromosome structural support. Some histone variations have been linked to gene expression regulation.