civil organisation of indus valley civilization
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Indus valley civilization is also known as Harappan civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. It is named as Harappan civilization because Harappa is a place where this civilization was first excavated. This civilization flourished in 2600 BC. It's contemporary civilizations were Mesopotamian, Greek civilizations. Indus valley civilization is spreaded in North Western India and parts of Pakistan. It covers the states like Punjab, UP, Rajasthan,Gujarat, Maharashtra etc.
Salient features : Harappan civilization was the first to be urbanised in the world. Lothal, Harappa , Mohenjadaro etc were the famous cities that were urbanised in the world. One of the important feature of Harappan was under ground drainage system. Each and every house is connected with drainage system. The houses were mostly two storeyed and they followed the grid system of houses. The roads were of curved corners to reduce accidents. Another important feature of Harappans was Great Bath.
Religious gods : Harappans mainly worshipped mother goddess, Earth. They also worshipped Linga and Phyllus. Harappans worshiped the proto form of Shiva called as Pashupati Mahadeva who is a three horned god surrounded by some animals. Harappans also worshipped snakes, trees , fire etc.
Harappans maintained good trade relations both inside and outside. They used to trade mainly with Mesopotamia, Afghanistan, Greece etc. Seals were used in the trade. Seals were stamped with different logos. Harappans mainted a different type of script. Their script was pictograohic and had less characters.
Harappans were also famous for handicrafts and pottery. They used to make terracotta figurines and other jewllery. Harappans main occupation was agriculture. They mainly cultivated wheat, rice, barley etc. Some parts cultivated other crops. Harappan civilization was famous for its cotton production.
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civil organisation of Indus valley civilization:
The Harappa and kalikangan , mohenjodaro were discovered the ruins of forts . In the Indus valley civilization , the drainage system was in very systematic order.