Clarify the status of infrastructure in India..??
Answers
Explanation:
Social infrastructure can be broadly defined as the construction and maintenance of facilities that support social services. For example – healthcare (hospitals), education (schools and universities), public facilities (community housing and prisons) and transportation (railways and roads). The first census in India was done in 1881, according to which India’s population was 25.4 crore. Therefore, the size of population of India was limited and its growth rate was low. The literacy rate was also less than 16 per cent. Before 1921, India was in the first stage of demographic transition in which the birth rate and death rate both were high, and after 1921, India entered the second stage (death rate decreases and birth rate remains high). At that time, there was extreme lack of health care services, so people used to be affered by infections diseases. Life expectancy rate level was 32 years only. The problems of poverty and unemployment were acute, and the Britishers did not take steps for the resolution of these problems.Read more on Sarthaks.com - https://www.sarthaks.com/801209/clarify-the-status-of-basic-social-infrastructure-in-india-at-the-time-of-independence?show=801213#a801213
Answer:
Recently the government had unveiled a national infrastructure plan, planning to invest about ?102 lakh crore in the infrastructure sector in the next five years to achieve the GDP target of $5 trillion by 2024-25
Context
Recently the government had unveiled a national infrastructure plan, planning to invest about ?102 lakh crore in the infrastructure sector in the next five years to achieve the GDP target of $5 trillion by 2024-25
Background:
The government recently announced a big ?1.02 trillion infrastructure spending plan for the next five years, from 2019-20 to 2024-25.
The National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP) captures the infrastructure vision of the country for the period FY20-25 and is the first-ever such exercise undertaken.
To achieve the vision of making India a $5 trillion economy by 2024-25, India needs to spend about $1.4 trillion over these years on infrastructure.
Objectives: NIP is expected to enable well-prepared infrastructure projects which will create jobs, improve ease of living, and provide equitable access to infrastructure for all, thereby making growth more inclusive.
NIP intends to facilitate supply-side interventions in infrastructure development to boost short-term as well as potential GDP growth.
Improved infrastructure capacities will also drive the competitiveness of the Indian economy.
Scope of the project: The infrastructure investment is distributed between Energy (24 percent), Roads (19 percent), Urban (16 percent), and Railways (13 percent), amounting to over 70 percent of the total projected capital expenditure.
Remaining 30 percent will go into irrigation, agriculture, rural and social infrastructure.
Status of the project: Around 42% of NIP projects are now under implementation while 31% are at the conceptualisation stage.
It is estimated that India would need to spend $4.5 trillion on infrastructure by 2030 to sustain its growth rate.
Importance of infrastructure development
Necessary for growth: It is well-accepted that investment in infrastructure is necessary for growth. Provision of adequate infrastructure is essential for growth and for making growth inclusive.
Development of economy: It can solve problems of general poverty, unemployment, backwardness, low production, low productivity and low standard of living etc.
Following are the reasons how investment in infrastructure is necessary for growth:
Power shortages lead to dependence on expensive captive power, which in turn impels high costs and lack of competitiveness for the economy.
Inadequate transport infrastructure leads to bottlenecks; both in the supply of raw materials as well as the movement of finished goods to the marketplace.
The price that farmers get for their produce is depressed if there is no connectivity through good quality rural roads, which in turn keeps rural incomes low, negating the fruits of high overall growth performance.
Explanation: