class 10 soap making paragraph
Answers
MATERIALS REQUIRED
Vegetable oil like castor oil (25 ml), sodium hydroxide pellets, common salt (about 10 g), distilled water, red and blue litmus strips, two beakers (250 ml), two test tubes, glass rod, measuring cylinder (50 ml), a knife, weight box and weighing bottle.
THEORY
Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. The process in which soap is produced is called saponification. Oils and fats are triesters or triglycerides of fatty acids. When a fat or oil reacts with a base like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, salts of fatty acids (or soaps) are formed along with glycerol. Glycerol is a. viscous liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. Saponification reaction is an exothermic reaction, i.e., heat is liberated during saponification. Addition of sodium chloride causes the precipitation of soap.
CBSE Class 10 Science Practical Skills – Soap Preparation 1
PROCEDURE
Take about 25 ml vegetable oil in a 250 ml beaker.
Prepare 50 ml 20% solution of NaOH by weighing 10 g of NaOH and dissolving it in 50 ml of distilled water.
Add 30 ml of 20% solution of NaOH to the vegetable oil.
Successively dip the red and blue litmus paper strips into the reaction mixture and note down any change observed in the colour of litmus paper.
Touch the beaker containing the reaction mixture from outside and note whether it is hot or cold.
Now, add approximately 10 g of common salt to the reaction mixture and stir using a glass rod till the soap begins to set.
Leave the mixture undisturbed for one day. This will allow the soap to set and solidify.
Remove the soap cake, use a knife to cut it into various shapes and sizes.
OBSERVATIONS
colour of red litmus turns blue, whereas the colour of blue litmus does not change.
Beaker containing reaction mixture gets warm. .
RESULTS
The medium of soap solution is basic in nature.
Saponification reaction is an exothermic reaction as heat is released during the course of the reaction.
DISCUSSION
The by-product of the saponification reaction is glycerol.
Soap is a salt of a fatty acid and is precipitated out of the reaction medium by addition of common salt.
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Answer:
Sthe cleanser is exceptionally valuable in our day to day life. It is set up through various advances. Initially, coconut oil and burning pop are blended with water. The arrangement is warmed for thirty minutes. At that point, the warmed arrangement is permitted to cool. From that point onward, basic salt is added to the arrangement. It is left in that condition for twelve hours. Subsequently, the blend ends up noticeably strong. From there on, it is sliced into cake-like pieces. Presently the cleanser cakes are prepared for utilizing. So we see that cleanser making isn't exceptionally troublesome. We can make it.