CLASS 6 MATHS
WHAT I HAVE LEARNT IN BASIC GEOMETRY IDEAS
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Point → It determines a location and is usually determined by a capital letter.
Line segment → The shortest distance between two points is called a line segment.
Line → By extending a line segment indefinitely on both sides, a line is obtained.
Intersecting lines → If two distinct lines meet or cross at a point, they are called intersecting lines.
Parallel lines → Parallel lines are lines which are always the same distance apart and never intersect anywhere in a plane.
Ray → A ray is a line which starts from a particular point and goes infinitely towards a particular direction.
Curve → It is a drawing which is done without lifting the pencil.
Simple curve → A curve that never crosses itself is a simple curve.
Closed and open curves → A curve is closed if its ends are joined. Otherwise, it is an open curve.
Angle → It is made up of two rays which are starting from a common point.
Radius → the fixed distance at which the points are located from the centre is called the radius.
diameter → diameter is the length of a line segment which joins any two points on the circle by passing through the centre. diameter is always double than the radius.
circumference → the distance around the circle is known as its circumference or perimeter.
chord → a line segment joining any two points on the circle is a chord.
sector → it is the region in the interior of a circle which is enclosed by an arc on one side and a pair of radii on the other two sides.
segment → it is a region in the
interior of the circle enclosed by an arc and a chord.
Triangle → It is a 3 sided polygon. It is also the polygon with the least number of the sides.
Circles → It is a simple closed curve and is not considered as a polygon.
Quadrilaterals → It is a 4 sided polygon
Polygons → It is a 2d closed shape made of line segments / straight lines only.
Sides → It refers to the line segments which form the polygon, as in the above figure AB, BC, CD, DA are its sides.
Vertex → Point where 2 line segments meet, as in the above figure A, B, C and D are its vertices.
Adjacent Sides → If any 2 sides share a common endpoint they are said to be adjacent to each other thus called adjacent sides, as in the above figure AB and BC, BC and CD, CD and DA, DA and AB are adjacent sides.
Adjacent Vertices → It refers to the endpoints of the same side of the polygon. As in the above figure A and B, B and C, C and D, D and A are adjacent vertices.
Diagonals → It refers to the joins of the vertices which are not adjacent to each other. As in the above figure, AC and BD are diagonals of the polygon .