Question

CLASS -8TH
SCIENCE
METALS AND NON METALS
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Answer 1

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Answer 2

CBSE Class 8 Science Notes Chapter 4 Materials: Metals and Non-Metals

Physical Properties of Metals:

Metals are:

hard to touch.

lustrous i.e., freshly Cut surfaces of metals have characteristic shining.

malleable; the property of metals by which they can be beaten mW thin sheets is called malleability.

ductile; the property of metal by which it can be drawn into wires is called ductility.

sonorous i.e., metals produce ringing sound when struck on a hard surface.

Good conductors of heat and electricity.

Metals like sodium and potassium are soft and can be cut with a knife.

Mercury is the only metal which is found in the liquid state at room temperature.

Physical Properties of Non-metals:

Non-metals are soft and dull (e.g., coal and sulphur).

Non-metals are generally brittle, i.e., they break down into a powdery mass on tapping with a hammer.

They are not sonorous.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Chemical Properties of Metals and Non-metals:

Reaction with Oxygen: Both metals and non-metals when burnt in oxygen from their oxides. Oxides of metals are basic in nature while that of non-metals are generally acidic in nature e.g.,

Materials Metals and Non-Metals Class 8 Notes Science Chapter 4 1

Reaction with Water: Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Generally, non-metals do not react with water..

Reaction with Bases: Metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

Displacement Reaction: More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their metal compounds in aqueous solutions.

Uses of Metals and Non-metals

Metals are used in making machinery automobiles, aeroplanes. trains, satellites, industrial gadgets, cooking utensils, water boilers etc.

Non-metals are also used in day-to-day life. Some examples are:

oxygen is essential for life.

nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used as fertilizers.

chlorine is used as a water purifier.

Atom: Atom is the smallest particle of matter which cannot be divided further by any physical means. Atoms are the basic units from which molecules and ions are formed.

Displacement reaction: More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solutions.

Ductility: The property of metals by which they can be drawn into wires is called ductility

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