class 9 chapter 1 economics ncert solutions.
Answers
Irrigated Unirrigated
200 hectares — 26 hectares
FACILITIES:
Educational 1 high school, 2 primary schools
Medical 1 private dispensary, 1 primary health care centre run by the Government
Market 2 markets: Raiganj and Shahpur
Electricity Supply Most of the houses have electricity connections. Electricity powers all the tubewells in the fields and is used for various small business.
Communication Well connected neighbouring villages, with Raiganj within 3 kms. Proper transportation including bullock carts, tongas, bogeys carrying jaggery. Also, motor vehicles like motorcycles, jeep, tractors and trucks are available for easy transportation.
Nearest Town Shahpur
2. Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in industry. Do you agree?
Answer:
Yes, it is correct to say that modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in the industry. It is because modern farming methods use a high-yielding variety of seeds. These seeds require both chemical fertilisers and pesticides, agricultural implementations like tractors and proper irrigation facilities like electric tube wells and all these elements are manufactured in industries. However, on the other hand, traditional farming methods use a relatively low-yielding variety of seeds and use cow dung and other natural manures as fertiliser, which is why they are less dependent on industrial outputs.
3. How did the spread of electricity help farmers in Palampur?
Answer:
The spread of electricity helped the farmers of Palampur as it helped in the transformation of the irrigation system of the village. The farmers earlier used Persian wheels to draw water from wells and irrigate small fields. But after the spread of electricity, electric tube wells replaced these Persian wheels. The first tube well was installed by the Government, but later private tube wells were also settled by the farmers, resulting in the cultivation of the entire 200 hectares of irrigated land by the 1970s.
4. Is it important to increase the area under irrigation? Why?
Answer:
It is important to increase the land under irrigation because farming is the main source of income for the maximum part of the population in India and only less than 40 per cent of the land is cultivable in the country. Farmers are dependent on the erratic monsoon season, and if the rainfall is less, farmers are bound to suffer a major loss. So if the water is provided for irrigation to the farmers for a larger portion of land, it would give better output and make more land cultivable in India and also encourage farmers to take up newer farming methods without the fear of suffering loss.
5. Construct a table on the distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur.
Answer:
The distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur is as given below:
Area of land Cultivated Number of Families
0 150
Less than 2 hectares 240
More than 2 hectares 60
6. Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages?
Answer:
There are many landless farm labourers who are paid less than the minimum wages in Palampur. The Government declared wage for a farm labourer is Rs.300 per day, but the competition for work among the farm labourers is very high, which is why people agree to work for lower wages.
7. In your region, talk to two labourers. Choose either farm labourers or labourers working at construction sites. What wages do they get? Are they paid in cash or kind? Do they get work regularly? Are they in debt?
Answer:
Students must perform this activity themselves and answer the question based on their survey.
Answer:
Large and medium farmers sell surplus farm products from a part of their produce. A part of the earnings is saved and kept for buying capital for the next season. A few of them give away the savings to small farmers and loans at high interest rates and get back the amount by the next season. Thus, they are able to arrange for the capital for farming from their own savings. Some farmers might also use the savings to buy cattle, trucks, or to set up shops.
11. On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh? Would Savita’s condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low rate of interest?
Answer:
Savita got a loan from Tejpal Singh at the rate of interest of 24 per cent for four months and also had to work for Tejpal Singh as a farm labourer at the wage of Rs.100 per day during the harvest season.
The case would have been different if Savita would have taken the loan from a bank. It is because the rate of interest would have been lesser than what was asked by Tejpal Singh and also she would have been able to pay complete attention to our own field during the time of harvest.
