Question

Class: IX
History: Lesson 2, Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
Read the page number 25 to 29 of the lesson thoroughly and watch the video to answer the following questions:
1. Who were liberals?
2. What do you mean by the term radicals?
3. Who were conservatives?
4. Define the term suffragette movement.
5. Who were socialists?
6. Briefly explain the views of Karl Marx on capitalism.
7. Write three differences between the capitalist and the socialist ideas of private property.​

Answer 1

answer 1 :- Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions.They also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers.

answer 2:- Radicals: Radicals also wanted a change in the society. The radicals were in favour of women’s suffragate movement. They opposed the privileges of wealthy landowners and factory owners. They were not against private property but opposed the concentration of property in a few hands.

answer 3 :- Conservatives: The conservatives preferred the status quo. However, their attitudes changed after the French Revolution. They were in favour of gradual change; with some preservation of old institutions.

answer 4:- The suffrage movement means right to vote. This movement belongs to the women and the poor people who have to fight for the participation in government. During the World War-1, the struggle for the right to vote got strengthened. This struggle comes to be known as suffrage movement.

answer 5 :- Socialism is a political, social, and economic philosophy encompassing a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production and workers' self-management of enterprises. It includes the political theories and movements associated with such systems.

answer 6:- Karl Marx saw capitalism as a progressive historical stage that would eventually stagnate due to internal contradictions and be followed by socialism. ... They believe that private ownership of the means of production enriches capitalists (owners of capital) at the expense of workers.

answer 7:- 1. Capitalism believed in individual controlled property or private while as socialism believed in society or state controlled property. 2. Socialists believe private property is the source of evil and exploitation of weaker classes while as capitalists believe private property is the source of progress and freedom.

I hope it will help you