Question

Class: IX
History: Lesson 2, Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
Read the page number 25 to 29 of the lesson thoroughly and watch the video to answer the following questions:
1. Who were liberals?
2. What do you mean by the term radicals?
3. Who were conservatives?
4. Define the term suffragette movement.
5. Who were socialists?
6. Briefly explain the views of Karl Marx on capitalism.
7. Write three differences between the capitalist and the socialist ideas of private property.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1.Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions.They also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers.

2.Radical: people believe that there should be great changes in society and try to bring about these changes.

3.Conservatives seek to preserve a range of institutions such as religion, parliamentary government, and property rights, with the aim of emphasizing social stability and continuity.

4.A suffragette was a member of militant women's organisations in the early 20th century who, under the banner "Votes for Women", fought for the right to vote in public elections, known as women's suffrage.

5.A socialist is someone who supports a political or economic philosophy that says society as a whole, rather than private companies, should own or control various goods and services.

6.Karl Marx saw capitalism as a progressive historical stage that would eventually stagnate due to internal contradictions and be followed by socialism. ... They believe that private ownership of the means of production enriches capitalists (owners of capital) at the expense of workers.

7.>Socialists:

• Socialists vehemently opposed private holding of land and resources.
• Socialists were of the opinion that private property is the source of all evil.
• Socialists felt that the condition of workers in agricultural and industrial sectors could not improve as long as resources are held privately.
• Socialists advocated that all industries and land should be state-owned.

> Captalists:

• The capitalists favoured private holding of property.
• Capitalists held most of the private property.
• The capitalists saw owning industries and large farmlands as the only way to progress.
• The capitalists did not agree with this as it means that their industries and land would be confiscated by the government.