Question

classification of microorganisms​

Answer 1

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▶️▶️Microorganisms or microbes are microscopic organisms that exist as unicellular, multicellular, or cell clusters. Microorganims are widespread in nature and are beneficial to life, but some can cause serious harm. They can be divided into six major types: bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.

Answer 2

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$\implies$ Bacteria (singular: bacterium) :— These are simple, single celled organisms, They can be found in air, water, soil and in the bodies of living organisms.

Bacteria found in three shapes namely, bacillus (rod-shaped), cocci (spherical)), and spirilla (spiral-shaped).

Some bacteria are autotrophic, i.e., they produce their own food with the help of light on chemical reactions. However, most bacteria are heterotrophic, showing saprophytic or parasitic mode of nutrition, i.e. nourishment from dead and decaying matter.

$\implies$ Algae (singular: alga):— Autotrophic organisms with undifferentiated plant bodies are called algae. Algae occurs abundantly like grasses in aquatic habitat, sote yaar also called as 'grasses of water'. These can be single-celled, i.e., unicellular or multi-celled, i.e., multicellular. Chlamydomonas is a unicellular alga, while spirogyra and laminaria are multicellular alga. They can survive in extreme climatic conditions. They usually grow in water bodies such as ponds, lakes and in moist soil. Some algae also grow on rocks and barks and trees.

$\implies$Fungi (singular: fungus):— These are a group of plant-like organism exhibiting heterotrophic (saprotrophic and parasitic) nutrition. They can be seen growing on moist bread, leather, cotton, paper, etc. Fungi grow vigorously in damp, warm, and dark places.

Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular. For example, yeast is a unicellular fungus, while Rhizopus (common bread mould), Agaricus, Penicillium, and Aspergillus are multicellular fungi.

$\implies$ Protozoa (singular: protozoan):— Unicellular organisms that exhibit animal-like characteristics are called protozoa. For example, amoeba, paramecium, giardia, etc. The word protozoan literally means 'the first animal'.

Most protozoa are heterotrophic. Some protozoa live in fresh or salt water and some live in soil. Some live as parasites in the bodies of other organisms, including human beings.

Protozoa have locomotory structures that allow them to move from one place to place. For example, amoeba has pseudopodia and paramecium has cilia for locomotion.

$\implies$Viruses (singular: virus):— These are smallest microorganisms. They can only be seen with the help of an electron microscope has the captivity to magnify and object up to 2,00,000 times.

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