Classification of molecule based on moment of inertia
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For a linear molecule the separation of lines in the rotational spectrum can be related directly to the moment of inertia of the molecule. Since the moment of inertia is quadratic in the bond lengths, the microwave spectrum yields the bond lengths directly, provided the atomic masses are known.
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the property of matter by which it retains its state of rest or its velocity along a straight line so long as it is not acted upon by an external force. an analogous property of a force: electric inertia.
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