classifies substances into acidic, basic and natural substances.
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Contents Home Bookshelves General Chemistry 15: Acid–Base Equilibria
15.1: Classifications of Acids and Bases
Last updatedMar 16, 2020
15: Acid–Base Equilibria
15.2: Properties of Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solutions
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Learning Objectives
To understand the differences between the three definitions of Acids and Bases
Identify acids, bases, and conjugate acid-base pairs according to the three definitions of Acids and Bases
To understand the concept of conjugate acid–base pairs in acid/base reactions
Write the equation for the proton transfer reaction involving a Brønsted-Lowry acid or base, and show how it can be interpreted as an electron-pair transfer reaction, clearly identifying the donor and acceptor.
Give an example of a Lewis acid-base reaction that does not involve protons.
Acids and bases have been known for a long time. When Robert Boyle characterized them in 1680, he noted that acids dissolve many substances, change the color of certain natural dyes (for example, they change litmus from blue to red), and lose these characteristic properties after coming into contact with alkalis (bases). In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral substances. In 1815, Humphry Davy contributed greatly to the development of the modern acid-base concept by demonstrating that hydrogen is the essential constituent of acids. Around that same time, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac concluded that acids are substances that can neutralize bases and that these two classes of substances can be defined only in terms of each other. The significance of hydrogen was reemphasized in 1884 when Carl Axel Arrhenius defined an acid as a compound that dissolves in water to yield hydrogen cations (now recognized to be hydronium ions) and a base as a compound that dissolves in water to yield hydroxide anions.
Acids and bases are common solutions that exist everywhere. Almost every liquid that we encounter in our daily lives consists of acidic and basic properties, with the exception of water. They have completely different properties and are able to neutralize to form H2O, which will be discussed later in a subsection. Acids and bases can be defined by their physical and chemical observation
Answer:
the under stood from the following acidic group includes
hcl kcl and nacl basic group contains h2so4 hno3 and na2so4 and natural group contain mgo h20 and cao