Question

classify the following species as paramagnetic.diamagnetic or ferromagnetic(a) sodium[Z=11](b)Ca2+cation[Z=20] (c)Lron[Z=26] (d) cl anion[Z=17​

Answer 1

Given elements are classified below-

Na = sodium has one unpaired electron thus it is paramagnetic in nature. Electronic configuration is [Ne]3s1.

Ca 2+ = cation loses electrons and has completely filled shell with

paired electrons. Thus it is diamagnetic in nature.

Electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6.

Fe = iron has paired electrons, thus it is ferromagnetic in nature. It shows permanent magnetism in a magnetic field.

It has electronic configuration {Ar}3d64s2

Cl 2− anion = after gaining two electrons, it has one unpaired electron in 4s, thus it is paramagnetic in nature.

Electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s3 3p6 4s1.