Question

cleaning action of soaps?

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Answer 1

Answer and Explanation:

$\blacksquare$ Soaps are salts of long-chained fatty acids

$\blacksquare$ They are produced by the hydrolysis of fat or oil by an alkali

$\blacksquare$ Since soaps are salts of long-chained fatty acids they have 2 parts or components :

1. Hydrophobic tail (non-polar) $\implies$ Made up of long hydrocarbon chain
2. Hydrophilic head (polar) $\implies$ Made up of oxygen and sodium

$\blacksquare$ Soaps form a structure called as micelle due to this hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head

$\blacksquare$ The dirt or oil present on our hands or clothes are also hydrophobic like the non-polar hydrophobic tail

$\blacksquare$ Hence, the hydrophobic tails of the soap get attracted to the dirt or oil

$\blacksquare$ Water present in the medium is attracted by the polar hydrophilic head

$\blacksquare$  Therefore, the micelles cover the oil or dirt particles completely and removes it from our hands or clothes

$\blacksquare$ The adjoining figure shows you the formation of micelle and action of it on the dirt or oil particles

Answer 2

Answer:

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When soap is dissolved in water, its hydrophobic ends attach themselves to dirt and remove it from the cloth. First, the molecules of soap arrange themselves in micelle formation and trap the dirt at the centre of the cluster. These micelles remain suspended in water like particles in a colloidal solution.

The various micelles present in water do not come together to form a precipitate as each micelle repels the other because of the ion-ion repulsion. Thus, the dust particles remain trapped in micelles (which remain suspended) and are easily rinsed away with water.

Hence, soap micelles remove dirt by dissolving it in water.

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hope it will help you ❤️.

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bràíñlîst.