Question

cleasing action of soaps in removing an oily spot from a fabric.why are soaps not very effectively when a fabric is washed in hard water? how is this problem resolved​

Answer 1

Most of the dirt is oily in nature and oil does not dissolve in water. The molecule of soap constitutes sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. In the case of soaps, the carbon chain dissolves in oil and the ionic end dissolves in water.