CO2 are emited from factories and fossil fuels to the Atmosphere and are absorbed by the oceans, forming carbonic acid . The final reaction produces two molecules of bicarbonate, decreasing the availability of carbonate ion , (write in short form)
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In the 200-plus years since the industrial revolution began, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere has increased due to human actions. During this time, the pH of surface ocean waters has fallen by 0.1 pH units. This might not sound like much, but the pH scale is logarithmic, so this change represents approximately a 30 percent increase in acidity.
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carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, most of it becomes bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions. This increase in hydrogen ions is what decreases the pH. In addition, some of the hydrogen combines with carbonate to form more bicarbonate, decreasing the concentration of carbonate in seawater.
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