Question

Coal was formed from plant remains got buried deep under the earth's crust. Over a large period
of time, the chemical and physical properties of these plants remains were changed through
geological actions that led to creations of the solid material Petroleum is a mixture of various
materials which are separated from one another and are used for different purposes.
(a)What do you mean by carbonisation?
(b)Which is called liquid gold and why it is called so?
(c)One variety of coal used mainly for electric power generation. Identify that variety of coal.
(d) One black and sticky solid used for making roads. Identify that sticky solid.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Carbonization is the term for the conversion of an organic substance into carbon or a carbon-containing residue through pyrolysis or destructive distillation. When biomaterial is exposed to sudden searing heat, it can be carbonized extremely quickly, turning it into solid carbon.
2. Petroleum which is also known as crude oil or just oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid found in geological formations under the surface of the Earth. Petroleum is called 'Liquid Gold' since it is liquid and just like gold, it has a high commercial value.
3. Lignite: Lignite coal, aka brown coal, is the lowest grade coal with the least concentration of carbon. Lignite has a low heating value and a high moisture content and is mainly used in electricity generation.
4. Bitumen is a black sticky substance which is obtained from tar or petrol and is used in making roads.