collect information above lifestyle of polar region
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Life in the planet’s polar regions can be incredibly difficult. Bitterly cold winds whip across the landscape. Winter temperatures can reach deep into the negatives, and the winter night can last for months. But these seemingly barren landscapes are home to a rich diversity of wildlife—both on land and under the sea surface—that has evolved to survive these harsh conditions.
Millions of people also live in the Arctic, but Antarctica has no permanent inhabitants. Antarctica is protected by a 1959 treaty that established the continent as a place to be used only for peace and science—though several thousand scientists and support staff periodically inhabit the area in the pursuit of research.
But even the relatively untouched expanse of Antarctica has not been immune to the effects of climate change. And the Arctic, in addition to climate change, has suffered from pollution, development by the oil and gas industry, and overfishing.
All species of living creatures describe Earth’s polar regions as their home. From tiny lichens discovered on the hard landscapes of the Arctic tundra to gigantic blue whales swimming through the cold oceans of the Southern Ocean. Some animals are only part-time inhabitants, moving to hotter, lower degrees during the winter periods. Others live in polar regions throughout the year. Most species have specific modifications which enable them to persist the utmost cold of the Earth’s polar regions.
In the south polar region, most of the land, the landmass of Antarctica, is capped with a thick layer of ice. The Antarctic Peninsula, which extends further north than any other part of the continent, has a diversity of tundra-type species. Climate change and global warming have had the greatest influence on the polar regions, because if the temperature increases it causes more and more ice to melt. The animals in Antarctica survive on the carnivorous diet. There are no bushes developing on the frozen Antarctic surface. Penguins are the most popular animal found in Antarctica as there are various species which are spread across the continent.
However, the extreme Arctic weather makes the region a dangerous place to explore and a challenging place to live. Even so, people have obtained ways to investigate and live in the Polar region. Many accounts show that Indigenous peoples have existed in the Arctic for thousands of years.