Collect the information about the types of soil and the crop grown in them in different parts of
INDIA on colour scrap sheets and mark the areas on a physical map.
Answers
Answer:
गांधीजी को महीना कैसे पार कराई और लोगों ने उसे क्या नाम दिया
Answer:
Definition of Soil
Soil can be simply defined as a mixture of small rock particles/debris and organic materials/ humus which develop on the earth surface and support growth of plants.
Soil Classification – Urvara vs Usara
In India, soil had been classified from the ancient period itself even though it was not as detail as the modern classifications.
In the ancient period, the classification was based on only two things; whether the soil is fertile or sterile. Thus the classification were:
Urvara [fertile]
Usara [sterile]
Soil Classification – Agencies involved
In the modern period, when men started to know about the various characteristics of soil they began to classify soil on the basis of texture, colour, moisture etc.
When the Soil survey of India was established in 1956, they studied soils of India and their characteristics.
The National Bureau of Soil Survey and the Land Use Planning, an institute under the control of Indian Council of Agriculture Research did a lot of studies on Indian soil.
Major classification of Indian soils
Major soil types in India
Alluvial soil [43%]
Red soil [18.5%]
Black / regur soil [15%]
Arid / desert soil
Laterite soil
Saline soil
Peaty / marshy soil
Forest soil
Sub-mountain soil
Snowfields
Alluvial soil:
Mostly available soil in India (about 43%) which covers an area of 143 sq.km.
Widespread in northern plains and river valleys.
In peninsular-India, they are mostly found in deltas and estuaries.
Humus, lime and organic matters are present.
Highly fertile.
Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputhra plain, Narmada-Tapi plain etc are examples.
They are depositional soil – transported and deposited by rivers, streams etc.
Sand content decreases from west to east of the country.
New alluvium is termed as Khadar and old alluvium is termed as Bhangar