collect the information of people suffering from malnutrition in your locality?
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Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet which does not supply a healthy amount of one or more nutrients. This includes diets that have too little nutrients or so many that the diet causes health problems.[1][3] The nutrients involved can include calories, protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins or minerals.[1] A lack of nutrients is called undernutrition or undernourishment while a surplus of nutrients cases overnutrition.[2] Malnutrition is most often used to refer to undernutrition - when an individual is not getting enough calories, protein, or micronutrients.[2][12] If undernutrition occurs during pregnancy, or before two years of age, it may result in permanent problems with physical and mental development.[1] Extreme undernourishment, known as starvation or chronic hunger, may have symptoms that include: a short height, thin body, very poor energy levels, and swollen legs and abdomen.[1][2] Those who are malnourished often get infections and are frequently cold.[2] The symptoms of micronutrient deficiencies depend on the micronutrient that is lacking.[2] This is included in the Global Goals project as part of Goal Number 2, Zero Hunger.
Undernourishment is most often due to a lack of high-quality food which is available to eat.[5] This is often related to high food prices and poverty.[1][5] A lack of breastfeeding may contribute to undernourishment. Infectious diseases such as gastroenteritis, pneumonia, malaria, and measles, which increase nutrient requirements, can also cause malnutrition.[5] There are two main types of undernourishment: protein-energy malnutrition and dietary deficiencies.[12] Protein-energy malnutrition has two severe forms: and kwashiorkor (a lack of protein) and marasmus (a lack of protein and calories).[2] Common micronutrient deficiencies include a lack of iron, iodine, and vitamin A.[2] Deficiencies may become more common during pregnancy, due to the body's increased need of nutrients. [13] In some developing countries, overnutrition in the form of obesity is beginning to present within the same communities as undernutrition.[14] This is because the food that is often available is not healthy. Other causes of malnutrition include anorexia nervosa and bariatric surgery.[15][16]
8] There is also good evidence supporting the supplementation of a number of micronutrients to women during pregnancy and young children in the developing world.[8] Delivering food and providing money to organizations who do so can help get food to those who need it most. Some strategies help people buy food within local markets.[6][17] Simply feeding students at school is insufficient.[6] Management of severe malnutrition within the person's home with ready-to-use therapeutic foods is possible much of the time.[8] In those who have severe malnutrition complicated by other health problems, treatment in a hospital setting is recommended.[8] This often involves managing low blood sugar and body temperature, addressing dehydration, and gradual feeding.[8][18] Routine antibiotics are usually recommended due to the high risk of infection.[18] Longer-term measures include: improving agricultural practices,[7] reducing poverty and improving sanitation. For information on various strategies to end malnutrition, review the Zero Hunger Sustainable Development Goal.
In 2018, There were 821 million undernourished people in the world (10.8% of the total population).[19] This is an improvement from 1990, when 176 million people (23% of the world) were undernourished. However, there has been an increase of hunger since 2015, when about 795 million, or 10.6%, were undernourished.[10][20] In 2012, it was estimated that another billion people had a lack of vitamins, and minerals.[6] In 2015, protein-energy malnutrition was estimated to have resulted in 323,000 deaths—down from 510,000 deaths in 1990.[11][21] Other nutritional deficiencies, which include iodine deficiency and iron deficiency anemia, resulted in another 83,000 deaths.[11] In 2010, malnutrition was the cause of 1.4% of all disability adjusted life years.[6][22] About a third of deaths in children are believed to be due to undernutrition, although the deaths are rarely labelled as such.[5] In 2010, it was estimated to have contributed to about 1.5 million deaths in women and children,[23] though some estimate the number may be greater than 3 million.[8] An additional 165 million children were estimated to have stunted growth from malnutrition in 2013.[8] Undernutrition is more common in developing countries.[24] Certain groups have higher rates of undernutrition, including women—in particular while pregnant or breastfeeding—children under five years of age, and the elderly. In the elderly, undernutrition is more commonly due to physical, psychological, and social factors, not a lack of food.[25]
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noun. the act or process of fragmenting; state of being fragmented. the disintegration, collapse, or breakdown of norms of thought, behavior, or social relationship. the pieces of an exploded fragmentation bomb or grenade.