Accountancy, asked by jibysunny8032, 1 year ago

Collection of data account related good


Samu731: Schedules

Scheduling involves a face to face situation with the respondents. In this method of collecting data, the interviewer questions the respondent according to the questions mentioned in a form. This form is known as a schedule. 
Samu731: This is different than a questionnaire. A questionnaire is personally filled by the respondents and the interviewer may or may not be physically present. Whereas, the schedule is filled by the enumerator or interviewer after asking the respondent his/her answer to a specific question. And in scheduling method of collecting data, the interviewer or enumerator is physically present.
Samu731: Local agencies

In this method, the information is not directly or indirectly collected by either the interviewer of the enumerator. Instead, the interviewer hires or employs a local agency to work for him/her and help in gathering appropriate information. 
Samu731: These local agents are often known as correspondents as well. Correspondents are only responsible for gathering accurate and reliable information. They work according to their preference and adopt different methods to do so.
Samu731: SECONDARY DATA – SOURCES OF DATA

Discussed below are 2 broad classifications of the sources of secondary data.
Samu731: Published Sources

There are many national organizations, international agencies and official publications that collect various statistical data. They collect data related to business, commerce, trade, prices, economy, productions, services, industries, currency and foreign affairs. 
Samu731: They also collect information related to various (internal and external) socio-economic phenomena and publish them. These publications contain statistical reports of various kinds. Central Government Official Publication, Publications of Research Institutions, Committee Reports and International Publications are some published sources of secondary data.
Samu731: Unpublished Sources

Some statistical data are not always a part of publications. Such data are stored by institutions an private firms. Researchers often make use of these unpublished data in order to make their researches all the more original.
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Answers

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Collection of data is a statistical requirement. Statistics are a set or series of numerical data that acts as a facilitating factor of policy-making. In other words, numerical data establishes Statistics. Numerical data undergoes processing and manipulations before it aids the process of decision making. Hence, numerical data are the raw materials to statistics. These raw materials can originate from various sources. Statisticians and analysts collect these data in different methods.

Read further to know all about:

•Meaning of data,

•Types of data,

•Various sources for collecting data and

•Fifferent methods of collecting data

INTRODUCING STATISTICAL DATA:

Statistical data (or data) is a set of numbers or series of numerical data. Statistical data help in the process of decision making. Since these statistical data are raw in nature. But it becomes helpful in the process of decision making and policy making only after it has undergone certain refinement. In addition, the person who collects these statistical data for further inspection is addressed as the ‘investigator’. Whereas the person who provides raw data and facts to the investigator is addressed as the ‘respondent’.

Before we go ahead with discussing the concept of the collection of data, understanding the preliminaries to data collection is crucial. Discussed below are the major preliminaries to data collection:

•The objectives of the statistical research

•The available scope of the statistical research

•The statistical units for the research – should be unambiguous and specific to the research. They should also be stable and uniform in the usage fo statistical technique. Moreover, statistical units should be appropriate to the research and should not digress from the main objective. They can either be a collection of units or a collection of analysis and interpretation.

•Various sources of data (in case of primary data) and information (in case of secondary data)

•Methods of collecting data – are either census method or sample technique.

•The degree of accuracy of the final results

•Different types of enquiry (or research) – are official, confidential, regular, sample, census and primary research. Secondary, ad-hoc, repetitive and direct are also examples of types of enquiries.

TYPES OF DATA:

There are 2 types of data. Discussed below are the types of data.

•Primary Data – refers to the data that the investigator collects for the very first time. This type of data has not been collected either by this or any other investigator before. A primary data will provide the investigator with the most reliable first-hand information about the respondents. The investigator would have a clear idea about the terminologies uses, the statistical units employed, the research methodology and the size of the sample. Primary data may either be internal or external to the organization.

•Secondary Data – refers to the data that the investigator collects from another source. Past investigators or agents collect data required for their study. The investigator is the first researcher or statistician to collect this data. Moreover, the investigator does not have a clear idea about the intricacies of the data. There may be ambiguity in terms of the sample size and sample technique. There may also be unreliability with respect to the accuracy of the data.

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