Common ion effect
What is it
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The common-ion effect is used to describe the effect on an equilibrium involving a substance that adds an ion that is a part of the equilibrium.
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To the solution of weak electrolyte a salt solution having common ion is added then the dissociation of weak electrolyte is suppressed. This effect is known as
For Example :
In presence of , dissociation of is suppressed.
Explanation :
is weak electrolyte and are dissociated as follow -
is a strong electrolyte and are dissociated as follow -
Due to presence of common ion i.e., ion, the concentration of in solution is increased and according to Le-Chatelier Principle, the equilibrium will shift in backward direction i.e., dissociation of acetic acid is suppressed.
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