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Communalism is a term used in South Asia to denote attempts to construct religious or ethnic identity, incite strife between people identified as different communities, and to stimulate communal violence between those groups.[1] It derives from history, differences in beliefs, and tensions between the communities.[2]
The term communalism was constructed by the British colonial authorities as it wrestled to manage violence between religious, ethnic and disparate groups in its colonies, particularly Africa and South Asia, in early 20th century.[3][4][5]
Communalism is not unique to South Asia. It is found in Africa,[6][7] the Americas,[8][9] Asia,[10][11] Europe[12] and Australia.[13]
Communalism is a significant social issue in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.[2]