Question

Compare and contrast defined roles and cooperative roles in animal behavior.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Introduction

Cooperative behaviour is widespread in nature, and seen in many different organisms, from bacterial cells to primates. The main aim of behaviour is to increase the survival and reproductive success of individual organisms, so the question arises to what extent is behaviour cooperative, and what alternative theories can be used to understand cooperative behaviour?

Cooperation can be defined as behaviours that provide a benefit to the recipient, but can also be beneficial or costly to the actor. Alongside altruistic cooperation between related individuals (by which the behaviour benefits the recipient but is costly to the actor) for example infertility of female workers in social insects (Hymenoptera), cooperation can also be observed between non-related individuals, for instance cooperative breeding strategies in the Superb Fairy Wren Malurus cyaneus and symbiosis between different species, such as nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium bacteria living within legume roots.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Cooperative behaviour is widespread in nature, and seen in many different organisms, from bacterial cells to primates. Cooperation can be defined as behaviours that provide a benefit to the recipient, but can also be beneficial or costly to the actor.

Explanation: