Question

Compare and contrast the locational factors of the Iron and steel industry in Jamshedpur and Pittsburgh.

Answer 1

PITTSBURGH STEEL POWER PLANT -

It is an important steel city of the United States of America. The steel industry at Pittsburgh enjoys locational advantages. Some of the raw material such as coal is available locally, while the iron ore comes from the iron mines at Minnesota.The Ohio, the Monogahela and Allegheny rivers provide adequate water supply. They use steel as their raw material to make many different products such as railroad equipment, heavy machinery and rails.

TATA IRON AND STEEL PLANT -

TISCO is one of the largest manufacturing plants in Asia. It is situated at Jamshedpur. It is the oldest steel plant in the country. It was established by Jamshedji Tata in 1907 an started production in 1911. The following factors were responsible for the plant being located at Jamshedpur.

i) Location ii) Availability of raw materials iii) Power supply iv) Water supply v) Labour force vi) Market vii) Transport facilities

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Answer 2

Answer:

Ans: Iron and Steel Industry in Pittsburgh:

(a) Pittsburgh is an important steel city of the United States of America. City is also known as "Iron City"

(b) In mid 19th century processing of Iron began in Pittsburgh.

(c) Some of the raw material such as coal is available locally, while the iron ore comes from the iron mines at Minnesota, about 1500 km from Pittsburgh. Between these mines and Pittsburgh is one of the world's best routes for shipping ore cheaply – the famous Great Lakes waterway. Trains carry the ore from the Great Lakes to the Pittsburgh area.

(d) The Ohio, the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers provide adequate water supply.

(e) Pittsburgh has a favourable topography, temperate climate, skilled labour and market, which make this place favourable for the development of Iron & Steel industry.

Iron and Steel Industry in Jamshedpur:

(a) Before 1947, there was only one iron and steel plant in the country – Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO).

(b) TISCO was started in 1907 by Jamshedji N. Tata at Sakchi in the Singhbhum district of Jharkhand, but the production started in 1910. Later on Sakchi was renamed as Jamshedpur.

(c) Sakchi was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal-Nagpur railway line. It was close to the iron ore, coal and manganese deposits as well as to Kolkata, which provided a large market. TISCO gets coal from Jharia coalfields, and iron ore, limestone, dolomite and manganese from Orissa and Chhattisgarh.

(d) The Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers ensured sufficient water supply.

(e) Government initiatives lead to rapid industrial growth in India.