Compare and contrast the need theories of maslow, herzberg, and alderfer on any three aspects.
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Most theories of motivation revolve around the idea an employee’s needs influence their motivation. Needs are physiological or psychological scarcities that stimulate behavior therefore are necessary to live a healthy, productive lives both in personal and work lives. “If work is meaningless, then life comes close to being meaningless”(Maslow, Stephens Heil 39). These needs, whether weak or strong and are greatly influenced by environmental factors, thus causing human needs to vary over time and place. The general idea behind need theories of motivation is that unmet needs motivate people to placate them. On the contrary, people are not motivated to pursue a …show more content…
At the top of the hierarchal pyramid is the self-actualization need. At this point, maximization of one’s full potential is achieved. This point cannot be reached until all other needs have been met. Podmoroff states, “Maslow’s work is often considered the foundation for which other motivation theories grew and many of these theorists support a downward cycle of employee motivation when particular need are not met”(26).
Clayton Alderfer developed the ERG Model, as an enhancement to Maslow’s model, focusing specifically on work related needs. His theory has three needs, existence needs, relatedness needs and growth needs, as opposed to the 5 for Maslow. The existence need can be related to the needs required to maintain a humane life. The relatedness needs focuses on social interactions and interpersonal relationships. Lastly, the growth need is the desire to be creative, self-confident, and productive, and engaged to the full abilities and obtain enhanced capabilities or skills. “ERG theory does not assume needs are related to each other in a stair-step hierarchy as does Maslow. Alderfer believes that more than one need may be activated at a time. Finally, ERG theory contains a frustration-regression component. That is, frustration of higher-order needs can influence the desire for lower-order needs”.
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