Compare contrast parenchyma,collenchyma and sclerenchyma with diagram
Answers
Found in
Parenchyma: Parenchyma cells are found in every soft part of the plant like leaves, fruits, bark, flowers, pulp and pith of the stems.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma cells are found in petiole, leaves and young stems, appearing as a continuous ring beneath the epidermis.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma is found in the mature parts of the plant like herbaceous perennials and woody plants.
Specialized/Unspecialized
Parenchyma: Parenchyma cells are unspecialized cells.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma cells are specialized cells.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma cells are specialized cells.
Cell Wall Thickness
Parenchyma: Parenchyma consists of a thin cell wall.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma consists of an unequally thin cell wall.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma consists of a thick and rigid cell wall.
Cell Wall Constituents
Parenchyma: Parenchyma cell wall is made up of cellulose.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma cell wall is made up of cellulose and pectin.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma cell wall is made up of waterproofing lignin.
Intercellular Space
Parenchyma: Intercellular space is present between parenchyma cells.
Collenchyma: No or little intercellular space is present between collenchyma cells.
Sclerenchyma: No intercellular space is present between sclerenchyma cells.
Shape
Parenchyma: Parenchyma cells are isodiametric in shape.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma cells are polygonal in shape.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma cells are tubular in shape.
Type
Parenchyma: Parenchyma produces permanent tissues, which can achieve meristematic activity when stimulated.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma produces permanent tissues, which can achieve meristematic activity when stimulated.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma also produces permanent tissues, eliminating the ability of dividing.
Alive/Dead at Maturity
Parenchyma: Parenchyma consists of living cells at maturity.
Collenchyma: Collenchyma consists of living cells at maturity.
Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma consists of dead cells at maturity. Hence, their protoplast is absent.
Function
Parenchyma: Photosynthesis, storage of food, gas exchange and floating of aqueous plants are the major functions of parenchyma.
Collenchyma: Providing mechanical support to the plant, resisting bending and stretching by the wind are the major functions of collenchyma.
Sclerenchyma: Providing mechanical support, protection and transportation of water and nutrients are the major functions of sclerenchyma.