Question

Compare different cell orgenelle and their functions and explain their similarities and differences

Answer 1

Answer:

Mitochondria- It is the powerhouse of the cell.

Golgi Apparatus- It helps in formation of lysosome

Ribosome- Helps in protein synthesis.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

➡️ Different Cell Organelles and their Functions..

• Organelles make up the subunits of a cell. There are numerous each with their own function.

$plasma \: membrane.$

• The plasma membrane is the organelle that encapsulates the contents of the cell. Apart from encapsulating cell contents, the plasma membrane also plays a vital role in regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
• As such, it is actively involved in such both passive and active transportation to and from the cell. These processes also help maintain balance even when conditions outside the cell change.

• The plasma membrane is made up of two layers of phospholipids (phospholipids bilayer).

$dna$

• Some of the main components of the nucleus include the chromatic, nucleoplasm/nuclear sap and the nucleolus.

• The nucleus houses DNA (the hereditary material) as well as various proteins and the nucleolus.

• In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is enclosed in a nuclear membrane. It is the organelle that controls the hereditary traits of an organism by directing such processes as protein synthesis and cell division among others.

• For prokaryotes, the DNA lacks a nuclear membrane. The genetic material is therefore bound in the nucleotide region.

• The nucleolus plays an important role in ribosome production.

$ribosome$

• Ribosomes are tiny organelles that contain RNA and specific proteins within the cytoplasm. Within the cell, ribosomes are directly involved in the manufacture of proteins by using their RNA and amino acids.
• This process involves decoding the information contained in the mRNA and using amino acids to produce the required proteins.

$mitochondria$

• Mitochondria are some of the largest organelles within a cell.
• Compared to some of the other organelles, mitochondria contain DNA which makes them semiautonomous. Mitochondria also contain a double-membrane with the inner membrane folding to form cristae.

• Also known as the powerhouse, mitochondria play an important role in respiration where they generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from substrates in the presence of oxygen. Using their DNA, mitochondria are able to encode for some of the components they require to perform their functions.
• ATP stores energy in the form of chemical bonds and is released whenever it is needed for various cell functions.

$vacuoles$

• A vacuole may be described as a space inside the cell that does not contain cytoplasm. It is surrounded by a membrane and filled with a fluid. Vacuoles store various molecules including enzymes, waste products of the cell, water, and even food material depending on the type of cell.
• In cases were vacuoles contain waste products of the cell, they are also involved in the exportation of waste from the cell thus protecting the cell from toxicity.

• Some vacuoles also play a role in maintaining the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cell as well as regulating pH.

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