Biology, asked by ambreenfatima4123, 3 months ago

compare features of myxomycota and oomycota;

Answers

Answered by BRAINLYBILALFAROOQ
2

Answer:

The "fungi": Myxomycota and Oomycota

Introduction

We will begin this section of the class with the fungi in the phyla Myxomycota and Oomycota. These two phyla are now known to be distantly related from each other and also note related to the Fungi. The Myxomycota are commonly referred to as the plasmodial slime molds and are classified in the Amoebozoa clade, in the Unikonta Super Group, which at this time does not have an official rank. The Oomycota are referred to as water molds and are classified in the Kingdom Chromista (Stramenopile), the same kingdom in which the Diatoms and Brown algae belong. The Super Group in which they are classified has varied, but has most recently been classified in the Chromalveolata or SAR (Acronym for Kingdoms Stramenopile, Alveolata and Rhizarians that make up this Super Group). The Chromista is believed to form a monophyletic line. As we cover these two phyla, you will be able to see that they do not have the combination of characteristics of that defines the Kingdom Fungi and will see why they are no longer classified with the true Fungi.

 Phylum: Myxomycota (Plasmodial Slime Molds)

There are approximately 900 species of organisms that are classified in the Kingdom Amoeboza. Other groups in this kingdom include cellular slime molds and protostelids. The three groups are monophyletic (Table 1). Of the three groups of slime molds, we will only cover the plasmodial slime molds.

Table 1. Baudauf and Doolittle (1997): Phylogenetic analyses of EF-1α amino acid sequences show a monophyletic, late-branching of Mycetozoa (=Amoebozoa).

There are approximately 850-900 species of plasmodial slime molds. They are found on moist soil, decaying wood, and dung. One of the interesting characteristic about this group of organisms is in their distribution. While species of other organisms will vary in different geographical localities, i.e. you don't find the same species of plants and animals on the mainland that you find in Hawai‘i, this is not generally true of the Myxomycota. Most species can be found throughout the world.

Plasmodial slime molds are so called because of its plasmodium (pl.=plasmodia) assimilative stage. This stage typically consists of a large, slimy, fan-shaped structure that is composed of branched tubules of protoplasm that feeds mostly on bacteria, but is also known to consume other microorganisms and plant and animal debris. This stage lacks a cell wall, and as it grows, the diploid nuclei divide, synchronously, by mitosis without cytokinesis. Thus, the plasmodium is essentially a large, single-celled, naked mass of protoplasm with thousands of nuclei. Although the plasmodium can be observed to feed on particulate, organic material in nature, it is also able to grow, in vitro, on dissolved organic material, on an agar medium by absorbing nutrients in the agar. The plasmodium ingest particulate food material as it migrates by extending itself around the food particle. Once the protoplasm has enclosed the material, a cell membrane, the food vacuole separates it from the rest of the protoplasm and hydrolytic enzymes are released that will digest the food. Waste material remains in the vacuole and is later

Explanation:

PLEASE FOLLOW ME

Answered by JeonJimin22019
1

Myxomycota :

There are approximately 850-900 species of plasmodial slime molds. They are found on moist soil, decaying wood, and dung. One of the interesting characteristic about this group of organisms is in their distribution. While species of other organisms will vary in different geographical localities, i.e. you don't find the same species of plants and animals on the mainland that you find in Hawai‘i, this is not generally true of the Myxomycota. Most species can be found throughout the world.

Plasmodial slime molds are so called because of its plasmodium (pl.=plasmodia) assimilative stage. This stage typically consists of a large, slimy, fan-shaped structure that is composed of branched tubules of protoplasm that feeds mostly on bacteria, but is also known to consume other microorganisms and plant and animal debris. This stage lacks a cell wall, and as it grows, the diploid nuclei divide, synchronously, by mitosis without cytokinesis. Thus, the plasmodium is essentially a large, single-celled, naked mass of protoplasm with thousands of nuclei. Although the plasmodium can be observed to feed on particulate, organic material in nature, it is also able to grow, in vitro, on dissolved organic material, on an agar medium by absorbing nutrients in the agar. The plasmodium ingest particulate food material as it migrates by extending itself around the food particle. Once the protoplasm has enclosed the material, a cell membrane, the food vacuole separates it from the rest of the protoplasm and hydrolytic enzymes are released that will digest the food. Waste material remains in the vacuole and is later released from the plasmodium. The process by which this type of ingestion  occurs is called phagocytosis. A second, haploid assimilative stage, the amoeba (pl.=amoebae), also occurs in the life cycle of plasmodial slime molds. Its characteristic differs mostly in size from the plasmodium stage. the amoeba stage is microscopic, unicellular and uninucleate. Like its giant counter part, it also ingest food via the process of phagocytosis. This process is very different from absorption, the mode of nutrition observed in Fungi. Other characteristics that are absent is the lack of cell wall in the assimilative stage and lack of mycelium and yeast stages. The Myxomycota were originally classified as fungi because they reproduce by spores that are produced in sporangia. This classification was made at a time when fungi were more broadly defined.

Similar questions