Question

compare the acidic strength of different types of alcohol.​

Answer 1

Answer:

For the simplest case of alkyl alcohols, primary alcohols are more acidic than secondary alcohols which are more acidic than tertiary alcohols.

This is because the strength of the alcohol as an acid is dependent on the corresponding strength of its conjugate base, the alkoxide ion. A more stabilised alkoxide is a weaker conjugate base and hence the alcohol will be more acidic. To evaluate the strength of the alkoxide we will look at both steric and electronic factors.

For electronic factors, when there are more electron donating alkyl groups attached to the hydroxyl carbon, the electron density on the O atom increases and the alkoxide is consequently less stable.

For steric factors, more alkyl groups would mean that the alkoxide is more bulky and it would be harder for the solvent to stabilize the alkoxide.

Hence considering both electronic and steric factors, primary alkoxides are the most stable and tertiary alkoxides are the least stable, so primary alcohols are the most acidic and tertiary alcohols are the least acidic.

Answer 2

Answer:

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