compare the action of a strong alkali and a weak alkali on a reducing sugar
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A strong alkali dissociates completely to form OH- ions. A weak alkali only partially dissociates to form OH- ions. An example of a strong alkali is is sodium hydroxide.
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Alkalis and acids can be described as strong or weak.
This does not mean the same as concentrated or dilute.
The strength of an alkali (or acid) depends
on how ionised it is in water.
An alkali forms hydroxide ions (OH- ions) in water.
What is a Strong Alkali?
A strong alkali is completely (100%) ionised.
An example of a strong alkali is sodium hydroxide.
A strong alkali has a pH of 14.
sodium hydroxide (in water) arrow sodium ion + hydroxide ion
NaOH(aq) arrow Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)
Sodium hydroxide exists only as ions both as a solid and
dissolved in water (see examples of other strong alkalis).
What is a Weak Alkali?
A weak alkali is only partly (less than 100%) ionised.
An example of a weak alkali is ammonia.
A weak alkali has a pH of 11 or 12.
ammonia + water reversible arrow ammonium ion + hydroxide ion
NH3(g) + H2O(l) reversible arrow NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)
Some of the ammonia molecules become ions in water
but most of them stay as molecules.
Ammonia in water makes ammonium hydroxide solution
(NH4OH(aq)). This is also called ammonia solution. ...
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