Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answers
Explanation:
A dam built across a river often serves more than one purpose at a time and it is termed as a multipurpose project. It comes with some advantages at the same time some disadvantages. The advantages are flood control in flood-prone areas, irrigation facilities, hydroelectricity, check soil erosion etc.
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Answer :
Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir, resulting in rockier streambeds and poorer habitats for the rivers’ aquatic life. Dams also fragment rivers making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate, especially for spawning. It has great ecological consequences like salinisation of the soil. At the same time, it has transformed the social landscape i.e. increasing the social gap between the richer landowners and the landless poor.
The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir. Moreover, the big dams have mostly been unsuccessful in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall.
It was also observed that the multi-purpose projects induced earthquakes, caused waterborne diseases and pests and pollution resulting from excessive use of water.